(1) The first industry title. From the early 1900s to the 1960s, data processing was tabulating machines and punch card processing. Thereafter, it referred to computer processing. By the 1980s, the ...

An earlier term for managing business records using machines such as punch card tabulators and calculators, as well as the first computers. Today, all information processing is essentially automatic.

The goal of systems biology is to decipher complex and interdependent biochemical processes to understand how a biological system operates on a mechanistic level and how it reacts to external factors ...